How Furnace Flame Sensors Work

In order for a furnace to operate the flame must beelectrons are flowing then the furnace knows the
proved. This means the furnace needs to know thatflame is not there and it will close the gas valve to
there is a flame present and burning and if not then itprotect against a dangerous gas build up.
has to shut off the gas supply so a build up ofA very common problem that can make your
explosive gas does not occur.furnace stop working is a build up of silicon oxide on
Most newer furnaces use a technique called flamethe flame sensor. Silicone oxide is produced when
rectification to determine this. This is accomplishedsmall traces of common chemicals that are present in
with a simple device called a flame sensor. Thethe air burn with the gas in the burners.
sensor is a small stainless steel rod that is insulatedSilicone oxide is almost invisible but it prevents the
with a ceramic insulator.electrons from leaving the flame sensor and the
A wire is attached to the sensor on the bottom. Thefurnace will think that there is no flame present even
sensor is positioned in front of the burner which iswhen there is a flame. The furnace will shut down
the furthest burner from the burner that has theleaving you with no heat.
ignitor. When the furnace turns on the ignitor glowsTo correct this problem first shut off the electric
red hot. Then the gas valve opens and allows gas tosupply to the furnace. Remove the door to the
flow through the burners and ignites when the gasburner area and locate the flame sensor. Next
passes over the hot ignitor.remove the screw holding the sensor in place. Now
Next the furnace must quickly determine if the flameyou can take the sensor out and clean it with a
is lit. A voltage is applied to the wire that isScotch Brite pad. Replace the sensor and door and
connected to the flame sensor. If a flame is present,torn on the electric supply.
some electrons will flow through the sensor andCleaning the flame sensor allows the furnace to
through the flame to the metal burners which arerecognize a flame when it is present.
grounded.If other problems persist or you are uncomfortable
The flame will conduct the electricity because freeworking on a furnace then call, your local heating
electrons are produced in a burning flame. If nocontractor.