Robust and Economical Flow Measurement

Ever wanted to quickly and cheaply measure theconditions should be specified at the time of order,
flow rate of a gas flow or water flow, then one ofas the manufacturer will configure the meter to suit.
the simplest and most economical flowmeters on theTo improve the in-use accuracy of the meter it will
market is the variable area type flowmeter. Oftenbe necessary to measure the temperature and
referred to as a rotameter or glass tube flowmeter,pressure of the flowing media and correct for the
this is one of the most economical and reliabledifference in tube reference conditions. In applications
instruments for measuring flow. They are available inwhere the meter is operating close to the tube
a wide variety of configurations for different gases,reference conditions, it is often found that no
fluids, temperatures and pressures, all with differenttemperature or pressure measurements are taken,
styles of connections. The flowmeter requires noand the tube reading is read directly.
power and in its smallest form can be carried in yourDuring use the meter will often accumulate foreign
pocket.material on the tube walls or on the outside of the
It consists of a simple measurement principle of afloat, and will cause inaccurate readings, often
float moving up and down in a graduated taperedresulting in the float sticking in the tube. Even worse,
glass tube. As the flow enters the bottom of theif the float has been allowed to hit the end stops of
meter, which is positioned in a vertical position, thethe meter this can permanently damage the meter,
flow pushes the float upwards until a sufficient gapand replacement parts will be required. It is essential
has grown between the tube wall and the float, atto maintain a regular calibration of the flow meter
this point the float is in equilibrium. Decreasing thewhen any errors and maintenance issues can be
flow causes the float to fall and increasing the flowrectified during the calibration process. When
causes the float to rise. With a calibrated graduatedorganising the calibration of your variable area
scale marked on the tube, the positioning of the floatflowmeter, request the calibration is undertaken on
then determines the flow rate through the meter.the actual gas/fluid specified for the flowmeter,
The float is often a cone shaped slug in the largeralthough it is not always, it is the ideal calibration
meters and a ball in the smaller meters.method. Some calibration laboratories can only
The accuracy of the flowmeter varies fromcalibrate on air or water and then theoretically
manufacturer to manufacturer but typically rangescorrect for density changes. This can often incur
between 1 and 5% FSD. Typical flowmeters on thelarge calibration errors especially on the smaller size
market include models from Omega, KDG flowmeter,meters. Specialist flow calibration laboratories will
Brooks, Platon, Fischer Porter, Yokogawa andoften have facilities for flow calibrations on air, helium,
Krohne, to name a few. You will generally find theargon, propane, nitrox, oxygen, carbon dioxide and
variable area flowmeter is specified for use with awith the use a a gas divider can also undertake
specific air or gas, at a standard air density. To gainspecific gas mixtures as required.
the best from your flowmeter your operating