Solar Hot Water Systems

The primary components of a drainback-type solaris often the ideal location. For a drainback system,
hot water system include:the collectors need to be above the level of both
- Solar collectors - typically installed on the roof, thethe drainback tank and storage tank.
solar collectors gather heat from the sun.- What type of collector should I use? There are
- Storage tank- residential storage tanks are generallymany options out there. Sustainable Future offers
65-120 gallons, depending upon the number of peopletwo types, flat plate collectors manufactured by AET
in the household. Hot water flows from here to theand evacuated tubes manufactured by Sunda. For
fixtures in your home or business.some people, it's an aesthetic decision. Flat plate
- Drainback tank- this small tank provides freezecollectors look more like skylights if they are
protection, and holds the liquids that circulate throughflush-mounted. You'll need slightly less surface area if
the solar loop when the pump is off.you use the evacuated tubes. For residential
- System Controller- The system controller is a small,systems, the cost of using one versus another is
sophisticated computer. This computer is attached tovery similar.
temperature sensors on the roof and in the storage- Do the collectors need to be tilted at an angle?
tank, as well as the circulating pump. When theIdeally, yes. However, if you prefer the look of
collectors are warmer than the storage tank, theflush-mounted collectors, this can be done with a
controller switches the system on.small decrease in the efficiency of the collectors. If
- Circulating Pump- The circulating pump runs the solarefficiency is of primary importance, we suggest tilting
loop. Water circulates through the collectors on thethe collectors approximately 10 degrees more than
roof and gets hot. From here, the water flows downyour latitude (for customers in the northern
to a heat exchanger where it heats the water inhemisphere). This gives a "winter bias" and makes
your storage tank. Cooler water then circulates backyour collectors most efficient during the winter
up to the roof, where the cycle begins again.months when the sun is low in the sky.
- Flow meter- The flow meter is used to attain- What happens at night or when it's cloudy? A
optimum circulation, so that heat is transferredwell-insulated solar hot water system will retain the
efficiently to your storage tank.heat in the tank overnight with no problem. If, for
- Pipes and Insulation- Because of the heat generatedexample, it's cloudy for a week in December and
by the solar collectors, we recommend copper pipe.you're using your hot water each day, most systems
PVC piping, particularly near the solar collectors, willhave either a gas or electric backup to provide
not withstand the high temperatures generated. Highsupplemental heat if enough solar energy isn't
quality insulation surrounding the copper pipes in aavailable. We can also retrofit your old hot water
solar hot water system prevents heat loss andsystem.
makes the system more efficient.- What size storage tank do I need? This depends
How to choose the system that's right for youupon how much hot water you're using per day. For
If you're interested in a drainback-type system, you'll3-4 people, we recommend an 80-gallon solar storage
want to consider the following.tank. If you have teenagers who like long showers
- Where should I put the collectors? If you have aor a larger family, you may need the 120-gallon tank.
south-facing (or near-south) roof that's unshaded, this